It is normally linked to an acute injury with inflammation. The body part that is involved may give the injury its name, for example, Achilles tendinitis. Tendinitis can occur at any age, but it is more common among adults who do a lot of sport. Older people are also susceptible, because the tendons tend to lose elasticity and become weaker with age.
Tendinosis has similar symptoms, but it is a chronic, or long-term, condition, and it is degenerative. A tendon is tissue that attaches muscle to the bone. It is flexible, tough and fibrous and it can withstand tension. A ligament extends from bone to bone at a joint, while a tendon extends from muscle to bone. Tendons and muscles work together and exert a pulling force.
Tendons and ligaments are tough and fibrous, but they are known as soft tissue, because they are soft compared with bone. If the sheath around the tendon becomes inflamed, rather than the tendon itself, the condition is called tenosynovitis. Tendinitis and tenosynovitis can occur together.
The Achilles tendon is between the heel and the calf muscle. Achilles tendinitis is a common sports injury. It may also be caused by shoes that fit badly or do not properly support the foot. It is more likely among patients with rheumatoid arthritis. With supraspinatus tendinitis, the tendon around the top of the shoulder joint becomes inflamed, causing pain when the arm is moved, especially upwards.
Some patients may find it painful to lie on the affected shoulder at night. If other tendons in the same area are also affected, the patient may have rotator cuff syndrome. A common symptom of lateral epicondylitis, commonly known as tennis elbow, is pain on the outer side of the elbow. It may radiate down towards the wrist.
Pain is more acute when trying to lift against a force. The pain sometimes radiates down to the wrist. The sheath that surrounds the thumb tendons, between the thumb and wrist, becomes inflamed.
With the thickened sheath and swelling in the area, it becomes painful to move the thumb. The finger or thumb clicks when straightened out. It becomes fixed in a bent position because the tendon sheath in the palm of the hand is thickened and inflamed and does not allow the tendon to move smoothly.
Sometimes a nodule forms along the tendon. This can affect badminton players and production line workers, who repeatedly use the same motion with their wrist. Tendinopathy is another type of injury that affects the wrist tendons. This is a degenerative condition rather than an inflammation. If there is a rupture, a gap may be felt in the line of the tendon, and movement will be difficult. The hallmark symptom of this condition is a painful snapping or clicking sensation when you try to straighten the joint.
You might also have a sore bump called a nodule at the base of your finger where the tendon is inflamed. Both of these conditions are more common as you age. Knees, ankles, and hips are other places that people often get symptoms of tendonitis. If you ignore these symptoms and keep up your regular activity, you could make the problem much worse. Untreated tendonitis can develop into chronic tendinosis and cause permanent degradation of your tendons.
In some cases, it can even lead to tendon rupture, which requires surgery to fix. So if you suspect tendonitis, stop doing the activities that cause the most pain. Follow the RICE method: rest, ice, and compression. And make sure to see a doctor to rule out other more serious injuries. Your doctor may recommend that you see a physical therapist for treatment. Signs and symptoms of tendonitis may vary with their location in the body, the type of activity involved, and the severity of the inflammation.
Symptoms tend to occur at the point where the tendon attaches to a bone. Frequent signs of tendonitis include:. Most cases of tendonitis respond to self-care measures and can be treated with rest, physical therapy , and medications that reduce pain and swelling.
But if your symptoms get worse or if you develop additional symptoms you should call your doctor sooner rather than later.
Your doctor may order X-rays or other imaging tests. Imaging tests are usually done to rule out other conditions that could be causing your signs and symptoms. The doctor may also order a blood test and take a sample of any liquid accumulated in the joint area in order to study it for infectious agents.
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